Serum elemental profiles and their associations with glycemic control in pediatric type 1 and type 2 diabetes

doi:10.4239/wjd.122649

Advanced Search

BPG is committed to discovery and dissemination of knowledge

Home / Archive / Volume 17, Issue 8

This Article

(13)

(15)

(0)

(1)

(169)

Peer-Review Report of This Article

Academic Rules and Norms of This Article

Citation of this article

Corresponding Author of This Article

Research Domain of This Article

Article-Type of This Article

Open-Access Policy of This Article

Times Cited Counts in Google of This Article

Journal Information of This Article

Publication Name

World Journal of Diabetes

ISSN

1948-9358

Publisher of This Article

Baishideng Publishing Group Inc, 7041 Koll Center Parkway, Suite 160, Pleasanton, CA 94566, USA

Observational Study

Copyright: ©Author(s) 2026. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license. No commercial re-use. See permissions. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc.

World J Diabetes. Aug 15, 2026; 17(8): 122649
Published online Aug 15, 2026. doi: 10.4239/wjd.122649

Table 2 Statistical analysis of elemental concentrations in serum samples of children and adolescents diagnosed with type 1 diabetes mellitus and type 2 diabetes mellitus, median (interquartile range)

Diabetes type	T1DM (n = 221)	T2DM (n = 200)	P value (T1DM vs T2DM)
Na, mg/dL	299.7 (19.65)	297.92 (22.19)	> 0.99
K, mg/dL	16.39 (9.45)	16.09 (2.52)	0.25
Mg, mg/dL	1.98 (0.22)	1.89 (0.23)	< 0.0001
Ca, mg/dL	9.03 (1.1)	9.07 (1.24)	> 0.99
Fe, μg/dL	96.58 (95.21)	82.96 (108.75)	0.13
Cu, μg/dL	110.1 (28.07)	122.38 (30.48)	< 0.0001
Zn, μg/dL	73.93 (17.55)	80.28 (18.76)	< 0.0001
Zn/Fe ratio	0.75 (0.62)	0.95 (1.25)	0.0008
Zn/Cu ratio	0.66 (0.22)	0.65 (0.25)	> 0.99
Se, μg/dL	107.75 (35.87)	109.71 (35.87)	> 0.99
Mn, μg/dL	2.31 (4.72)	2.05 (4.09)	> 0.99
Co, μg/dL	0.22 (0.18)	0.13 (0.13)	< 0.0001
Al, μg/dL	127.92 (284.71)	115.33 (218.61)	0.63
Ni, μg/dL	0.58 (1.07)	0.49 (0.8)	> 0.99
Sb, μg/dL	1.69 (0.8)	1.42 (0.71)	0.0001
Ba, μg/dL	2.7 (6.9)	4.57 (11.33)	0.058

The statistical analysis was conducted using the Mann-Whitney U test, a nonparametric method. Interquartile range: A single number as a result of this mathematical equation (interquartile range = 75th percentile - 25th percentile). T1DM: Type 1 diabetes mellitus; T2DM: Type 2 diabetes mellitus; Na: Sodium; K: Potassium; Ca: Calcium; Mg: Magnesium; Fe: Iron; Cu: Copper; Zn: Zinc; Se: Selenium; Mn: Manganese; Co: Cobalt; Al: Aluminum; Ni: Nickel; Sb: Antimony; Ba: Barium.

Full Size Table

Citation: Abdelbaset-Ismail A, Hui X, Lin Q, Gu C, Xu J, Watson S, Cai L, Tan Y, Wintergerst KA. Serum elemental profiles and their associations with glycemic control in pediatric type 1 and type 2 diabetes. World J Diabetes 2026; 17(8): 122649
URL: https://www.wjgnet.com/1948-9358/full/v17/i8/122649.htm
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4239/wjd.122649

Abdelbaset-Ismail A, Hui X, Lin Q, Gu C, Xu J, Watson S, Cai L, Tan Y, Wintergerst KA. Serum elemental profiles and their associations with glycemic control in pediatric type 1 and type 2 diabetes. World J Diabetes 2026; 17(8): 122649 [DOI: 10.4239/wjd.122649]

All content on this site: Copyright © 1993-2026 Baishideng Publishing Group Inc, its licensors, and contributors. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies. For all open access content, the relevant licensing terms apply.