Non-antibody biomarkers for differentiating ketosis-onset diabetes: A retrospective study

doi:10.4239/wjd.122101

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World Journal of Diabetes

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1948-9358

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Baishideng Publishing Group Inc, 7041 Koll Center Parkway, Suite 160, Pleasanton, CA 94566, USA

Retrospective Study

Copyright: ©Author(s) 2026. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license. No commercial re-use. See permissions. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc.

World J Diabetes. Aug 15, 2026; 17(8): 122101
Published online Aug 15, 2026. doi: 10.4239/wjd.122101

Table 1 Baseline characteristics and biochemical (ketosis-prone type 2 diabetes mellitus vs type 2 diabetes mellitus), n (%)/median (interquartile rage)/mean ± SD

Parameter	KP-T2DM (n = 146)	T2DM (n = 93)	P value
Male	115 (78.8)	65 (69.2)	< 0.001
Age (years)	32	44 (34-51)	< 0.001
BMI (kg/m²)	25.10 (22.90-28.62)	23.88 (22.49-26.28)	0.037
FPG (mmol/L)	14.37 ± 3.75	12.73 ± 4.13	0.001
HbA1c (%)	12.10 ± 2.21	10.87 ± 2.12	< 0.001
FCP (ng/mL)	0.70 (0.36-0.93)	1.20 (0.61-1.51)	< 0.001
2hCP (ng/mL)	1.67 (1.02-2.02)	2.71 (1.46-3.13)	< 0.001
TG (mmol/L)	2.78 (1.63-5.34)	1.95 (1.23-3.11)	< 0.001
HDL-C (mmol/L)	0.85 (0.75-0.88)	0.91 (0.78-1.00)	0.005
ALP (U/L)	114.5 (87.8-134.7)	86.1 (68.0-97.5)	< 0.001

BMI: Body mass index; FPG: Fasting plasma glucose; HbA1c: Glycated hemoglobin; FCP: Fasting C-peptide; 2hCP: 2 hours C-peptide; TG: Triglycerides; HDL-C: High-density lipoprotein cholesterol; ALP: Alkaline phosphatase; KP: Ketosis-prone; T2DM: Type 2 diabetes mellitus.

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Citation: Pei SQ, Ren JL, Zhang L, Gao YX, Yang X, Liu X, Li SN, Liu P, Xu XY. Non-antibody biomarkers for differentiating ketosis-onset diabetes: A retrospective study. World J Diabetes 2026; 17(8): 122101
URL: https://www.wjgnet.com/1948-9358/full/v17/i8/122101.htm
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4239/wjd.122101

Pei SQ, Ren JL, Zhang L, Gao YX, Yang X, Liu X, Li SN, Liu P, Xu XY. Non-antibody biomarkers for differentiating ketosis-onset diabetes: A retrospective study. World J Diabetes 2026; 17(8): 122101 [DOI: 10.4239/wjd.122101]

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