Nicotinamide mononucleotide-loaded thermosensitive hydrogel promotes diabetic wound healing via antibacterial and antioxidant synergy in a mouse model

Figure 1 PF/polyhexamethylene biguanide-nicotinamide mononucleotide hydrogel exhibits favorable biocompatibility and antibacterial activity. A: The viability of HaCaT cells and EA.hy926 cells was detected by the CCK-8 assay; B and C: Representative images and quantitative analysis of the hemolysis assay for each group of hydrogel extracts under different dilution conditions; D and E: Representative images and corresponding quantification of Staphylococcus aureus colony formation treated with hydrogel extracts from each group; F and G: Representative images and corresponding quantification of Escherichia coli colony formation treated with hydrogel extracts from each group. S. aureus: Staphylococcus aureus; E. coil: Escherichia coli; NMN: Nicotinamide mononucleotide; NS: Not significant; PBS: Phosphate buffered saline; PHMB: Polyhexamethylene biguanide.