Tangwang formula ameliorates diabetic retinopathy by inhibiting cell apoptosis and regulating the intestinal microbiota and metabolic profiles

doi:10.4239/wjd.118650

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World Journal of Diabetes

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1948-9358

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Baishideng Publishing Group Inc, 7041 Koll Center Parkway, Suite 160, Pleasanton, CA 94566, USA

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Copyright: ©Author(s) 2026. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license. No commercial re-use. See permissions. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc.

World J Diabetes. Jun 15, 2026; 17(6): 118650
Published online Jun 15, 2026. doi: 10.4239/wjd.118650

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Figure 13 Mechanism of Tangwang formula ameliorates diabetic retinopathy via gut-eye axis. AGEs: Advanced glycation end products; DR: Diabetic retinopathy; IL: Interleukin; NF-κB: Nuclear factor kappa B; NOS: Nitric oxide synthase; ROS: Reactive oxygen species; TNF-α: Tumor necrosis factor-α; TWF: Tangwang formula; ZO-1: Zonula occludens-1.

Citation: Zhang H, Xing JX, Yin YF, Li J, Jing CX, Liu SY, Yin JZ, Gao X, Liang ZG, Yuan TY, Su H, Li YQ, Wang ZY, Dong HS, Zhao DQ, Ying DS, Zhou ZW, Huang QX. Tangwang formula ameliorates diabetic retinopathy by inhibiting cell apoptosis and regulating the intestinal microbiota and metabolic profiles. World J Diabetes 2026; 17(6): 118650
URL: https://www.wjgnet.com/1948-9358/full/v17/i6/118650.htm
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4239/wjd.118650

Zhang H, Xing JX, Yin YF, Li J, Jing CX, Liu SY, Yin JZ, Gao X, Liang ZG, Yuan TY, Su H, Li YQ, Wang ZY, Dong HS, Zhao DQ, Ying DS, Zhou ZW, Huang QX. Tangwang formula ameliorates diabetic retinopathy by inhibiting cell apoptosis and regulating the intestinal microbiota and metabolic profiles. World J Diabetes 2026; 17(6): 118650 [DOI: 10.4239/wjd.118650]

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