Zuo Gui pill alleviates M1 macrophage polarization in type 2 diabetic osteoporosis through the Nrf2/HO-1/XCT/GPX4 pathway

Figure 3 Zuo Gui pill cooperates with Fer-1 to reduce symptoms and oxidative stress in type 2 diabetic osteoporosis. A: Weekly changes in rat blood glucose after type 2 diabetic osteoporosis model construction; B: Weekly changes in rat body weight after type 2 diabetic osteoporosis model construction; C: Serum levels of total cholesterol, triglycerides, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; D: Serum International Federation of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine-glycated hemoglobin, insulin levels; E: Levels of malondialdehyde, superoxide dismutase, and glutathione/glutathione disulfide in serum. Data were expressed as mean ± SD (n = 3). ^aP < 0.05,^bP < 0.01,^cP < 0.001. GSH/GSSH: Glutathione/glutathione disulfide; IFCC-HbA1c: International Federation of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine-glycated hemoglobin; LDL-C: Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; MDA: Malondialdehyde; MET: Metformin; SOD: Superoxide dismutase; TC: Total cholesterol; TG: Triglycerides; ZGP: Zuo Gui pill.