Visceral fat area and remnant cholesterol in type 2 diabetes: Nonlinear associations and thresholds

Table 4 Subgroup and interaction analyses

	n	β (95%CI)	P value	P for interaction
RC
Age (year)			0.6211
< 60	784	0.12 (-0.00 to 0.25)	0.0522
≥ 60	396	0.08 (-0.00 to 0.17)	0.0644
Gender				0.2134
Female	438	0.00 (-0.09 to 0.10)	0.9245
Male	742	0.12 (0.00-0.23)	0.0437
Smoking status				0.3918
No	749	0.05 (-0.04 to 0.14)	0.2501
Yes	362	0.17 (-0.02 to 0.35)	0.0754
Drinking status				0.8779
No	747	0.08 (-0.01 to 0.18)	0.0763
Yes	362	0.10 (-0.07 to 0.26)	0.2418
BMI (kg/m2)				0.0201
< 28	915	0.21 (0.10-0.32)	0.0002
≥ 28	265	-0.04 (-0.23 to 0.15)	0.6817
HbA1C (%)				0.8224
< 6.5	53	0.06 (-0.23 to 0.35)	0.6908
≥ 6.5	658	0.09 (0.00-0.18)	0.0479
RCII
Age (year)			0.2841
< 60	784	0.15 (-0.01 to 0.30)	0.0636
≥ 60	396	0.00 (-0.14 to 0.14)	0.9729
Gender				0.7762
Female	438	0.12 (0.04-0.21)	0.0065
Male	742	0.09 (-0.07 to 0.25)	0.2849
Smoking status				0.9594
No	749	0.05 (-0.03 to 0.14)	0.2140
Yes	362	0.13 (-0.17 to 0.44)	0.3958
Drinking status				0.8483
No	747	0.09 (0.01-0.18)	0.0358
BMI (kg/m2)				0.3370
< 28	915	0.15 (-0.01-0.30)	0.0635
≥ 28	265	0.01 (-0.20-0.21)	0.9599
HbA1C (%)				0.4256
< 6.5	53	-0.08 (-0.28-0.11)	0.4083
≥ 6.5	658	0.10 (-0.01-0.22)	0.0869

Data are regression coefficients (β) with 95%CIs and P values from multivariable linear regression models stratified by the indicated subgroups. Visceral fat area (VFA) was modelled as a continuous variable. All models were adjusted for age, sex, current smoking, current drinking, glycated haemoglobin, free triiodothyronine, estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT), except for the stratifying variable itself. P for interaction was obtained by adding a multiplicative interaction term between VFA and the subgroup indicator into the corresponding model. Recoded and the interaction terms for following variables: Age, sex, eGFR, ALT. RC: Residual cholesterol; RCII: Residual cholesterol-inflammation index; BMI: Body mass index; HbA1c: Glycated haemoglobin.