Copyright: ©Author(s) 2026.
World J Diabetes. Mar 15, 2026; 17(3): 115304
Published online Mar 15, 2026. doi: 10.4239/wjd.v17.i3.115304
Published online Mar 15, 2026. doi: 10.4239/wjd.v17.i3.115304
Table 4 Stratified analysis
| Count | OR (95%CI) | P value | P interaction value | |
| Age, years | 1.48 (0.69-3.20) | 0.315 | ||
| < 60 | 6275 | 0.78 (0.63-0.97) | 0.025 | |
| ≥ 60 | 601 | 1.01 (0.47-2.20) | 0.978 | |
| BMI, kg/m2 | 0.97 (0.64-1.46) | 0.869 | ||
| < 24 | 3439 | 0.88 (0.62-1.27) | 0.498 | |
| ≥ 24 | 3437 | 0.75 (0.58-0.97) | 0.028 | |
| Sex | 0.90 (0.61-1.33) | 0.609 | ||
| Female | 4308 | 0.83 (0.62-1.10) | 0.183 | |
| Male | 2568 | 0.74 (0.54-1.02) | 0.063 | |
| Education level | 0.89 (0.70-1.13) | 0.335 | ||
| Primary | 2442 | 0.98 (0.68-1.42) | 0.931 | |
| Secondary | 1708 | 0.73 (0.48-1.10) | 0.129 | |
| Tertiary | 2726 | 0.70 (0.51-0.97) | 0.033 | |
| Hypertension | 1.08 (0.70-1.64) | 0.723 | ||
| Yes | 1708 | 0.82 (0.58-1.16) | 0.255 | |
| No | 5186 | 0.79 (0.61-1.03) | 0.084 | |
| Alcohol drinking status | 1.51 (0.57-4.00) | 0.413 | ||
| Yes | 202 | 1.87 (0.56-6.25) | 0.310 | |
| No | 6674 | 0.79 (0.64-0.98) | 0.032 | |
| Smoking status | 1.06 (0.80-1.40) | 0.865 | ||
| Yes | 918 | 0.68 (0.40-1.17) | 0.165 | |
| No | 5958 | 0.82 (0.65-1.03) | 0.086 | |
| Physical activity | 1.04 (0.85-1.266) | 0.762 | ||
| No exercise | 3192 | 0.64 (0.46-0.90) | 0.011 | |
| Low intensity exercise | 2121 | 1.05 (0.75-1.49) | 0.766 | |
| Moderate intensity exercise | 875 | 0.79 (0.44-1.41) | 0.422 | |
| High intensity exercise | 688 | 0.73 (0.36-1.49) | 0.390 |
- Citation: Zeng Y, Li PY, Chen Z, Yao NF, Ye H, Gui ZH, Chen HL, Liu L, Wan H, Shen J. Associations of black coffee and black coffee supplemented with milk with diabetes in China: A community-based cross-sectional study. World J Diabetes 2026; 17(3): 115304
- URL: https://www.wjgnet.com/1948-9358/full/v17/i3/115304.htm
- DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4239/wjd.v17.i3.115304