Renal and metabolic effects of semaglutide plus canagliflozin vs canagliflozin alone in type 2 diabetic nephropathy

Table 1 General characteristics, n (%)

Parameter	CM group (n = 107)	CSCT group (n = 104)	t/χ²	P value
Age (years)	63.12 ± 6.14	62.86 ± 6.26	0.305	0.761
Gender			0.004	0.949
Male	55 (51.40)	53 (50.96)
Female	52 (48.60)	51 (49.04)
BMI (kg/m2)	28.43 ± 3.46	28.51 ± 3.52	0.163	0.870
Weight (kg)	79.63 ± 14.11	80.12 ± 14.23	0.251	0.802
Educational level			0.024	0.988
Primary	18 (16.82)	17 (16.35)
Secondary	54 (50.47)	52 (50.00)
Tertiary	35 (32.71)	35 (33.65)
Current smoking	23 (21.50)	21 (20.19)	0.054	0.816
Pulse rate (beats per min)	74.13 ± 5.11	74.22 ± 5.21	0.128	0.899
Duration of diabetes mellitus (years)	10.52 ± 4.10	11.12 ± 3.97	1.068	0.287
Systolic blood pressure (mmHg)	138.21 ± 4.12	138.37 ± 4.06	0.274	0.784
Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg)	78.34 ± 3.26	77.89 ± 3.45	0.983	0.327
LVEF			0.213	0.899
< 40%	18 (16.82)	20 (19.23)
40% to < 50%	26 (24.30)	25 (24.04)
≥ 50%	63 (58.88)	59 (56.73)
Diabetic nephropathy staging			0.011	0.916
G3a	85 (79.44)	82 (78.85)
G3b	22 (20.56)	22 (21.15)

BMI: Body mass index; LVEF: Left ventricular ejection fraction; CM: Canagliflozin monotherapy; CSCT: Canagliflozin and semaglutide combination therapy.