Formononetin inhibits p53 signaling pathway activation to delay cellular senescence and ameliorates diabetic kidney disease

Figure 8 Formononetin exhibits anti-senescence effects in diabetic kidney disease mice. A-C: Formononetin (FN) intervention significantly reduces levels of interleukin-1β, interleukin-6, and tumor necrosis factor α in renal tissues of diabetic kidney disease mice; D: FN intervention significantly decreases β-galactosidase activity in renal tissues; E-H: FN intervention significantly upregulates MDM2 and CCND1 gene expression and downregulates p53 and p21 gene expression; I: Western blot bands of p53 signaling pathway; J-M: FN intervention significantly increases MDM2 and CCND1 protein levels and decreases p53 and p21 protein levels. n = 10 for A-D, n = 3 for F. ^aP < 0.05 vs control groups; ^bP < 0.01 vs control groups; ^cP < 0.05 vs high glucose groups; ^dP < 0.01 vs high glucose groups. H-FN: High dose of formononetin; IL-1β: Interleukin-1β; IL-6: Interleukin-6; TNF-α: Tumor necrosis factor α.