Formononetin inhibits p53 signaling pathway activation to delay cellular senescence and ameliorates diabetic kidney disease

Figure 6 Formononetin intervention improves renal function and pathology in diabetic kidney disease mice. We established a diabetic kidney disease (DKD) mouse model and evaluated the therapeutic effects of formononetin (FN) in vivo (n = 10 per group). A: FN intervention restores body weight in DKD mice; B: FN intervention slightly reduces fasting blood glucose levels in DKD mice; C-E: FN intervention decreases serum creatinine, blood urea nitrogen, and 24-hour urine total protein levels in DKD mice; F: Hematoxylin and eosin stain, periodic acid-Schiff stain and MASSON stain result; G: FN intervention reduces renal injury scores in DKD mice (bars = 25 μm); H: FN intervention reduces extracellular matrix deposition in DKD mice (bars = 25 μm); I: FN intervention reduces renal fibrosis indicators in DKD mice (bars = 25 μm). ^aP < 0.05 vs control groups; ^bP < 0.01 vs control groups; ^cP < 0.05 vs high glucose groups; ^dP < 0.01 vs high glucose groups. NS: Not significant; IRB: Irbesartan; L-FN: Low dose of formononetin; M-FN: Medium dose of formononetin; H-FN: High dose of formononetin; H&E: Hematoxylin and eosin; PAS: Periodic acid-Schiff.