Formononetin inhibits p53 signaling pathway activation to delay cellular senescence and ameliorates diabetic kidney disease

Figure 2 Impact of formononetin intervention on the transcriptome of high glucose-exposed MPC-5 cells. We performed transcriptomic analysis on control, high glucose (HG), and HG + high dose of formononetin (H-FN) groups. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were filtered with a criteria of |Log₂(FoldChange)| ≥ 1 and P_adj ≤ 0.05 (n = 3 per group). A: Volcano plots of DEGs in HG vs control groups; B: Volcano plots of DEGs in H-FN vs HG groups; C: Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analysis of DEGs in HG vs control groups; D: KEGG pathway enrichment analysis of DEGs in H-FN vs HG groups. HG: High glucose; H-FN: High dose of formononetin; IL-17: Interleukin-17; TNF: Tumor necrosis factor.