Explainable machine learning model for predicting minor amputation in diabetic foot ulcers

Figure 2 Least absolute shrinkage and selection operator coefficient path plot and cross-validation curve for feature selection. A: Coefficient path plot showing variable trajectories against the log(λ) sequence; each colored line represents one variable, with variable names labeled at the right margin; B: Cross-validation curve showing binomial deviance vs log(λ); the left vertical dashed line indicates the minimum deviance (λ_min), and the right dashed line indicates the 1-standard-error criterion (λ_1se). LASSO: Least absolute shrinkage and selection operator; SII: Systemic immune-inflammation index; FIB: Fibrinogen; PLT: Platelet count; Hb: Hemoglobin; NPR: Neutrophil-platelet ratio; HbA1c: Hemoglobin A1c; CRP: C-reactive protein; NEUT: Neutrophil count; LYM: Lymphocyte count; Ca: Serum calcium; BUA: Blood uric acid; NLR: Neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio; CALLY: C-reactive protein-albumin-lymphocyte; HDL-C: High-density lipoprotein cholesterol; RBC: Red blood cell count; WBC: White blood cell count; MHR: Monocyte-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio.