Association of serum oncostatin M with disease severity and mortality in community-acquired pneumonia with diabetes mellitus

Figure 6 Graphical summary of serum oncostatin M as a potential biomarker for disease severity and prognosis in patients with diabetes mellitus-associated community-acquired pneumonia. In a prospective community-acquired pneumonia cohort of 410 patients, serum oncostatin M (OSM) levels were higher in diabetes mellitus-associated community-acquired pneumonia (DM-CAP) patients and correlated with disease severity, systemic inflammation, and 1-year mortality risk. The addition of OSM to confusion, uremia, respiratory rate, blood pressure, and age ≥ 65 years score improved prognostic performance, suggesting that OSM may complement conventional severity assessment and facilitate risk stratification in DM-CAP. CAP: Community-acquired pneumonia; DM: Diabetes mellitus; OSM: Oncostatin M; CURB-65: Confusion, uremia, respiratory rate, blood pressure, and age ≥ 65 years; PSI: Pneumonia severity index; WBC: White blood cell; NLR: Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio; PCT: Procalcitonin; IL-6: Interleukin-6; IL-8: Interleukin-8; AUC: Area under the curve.