Clinical significance of serum thrombospondin-4 for interventional restenosis in diabetes patients complicated by lower extremity arteriosclerosis obliterans

Figure 1 Study design and patient flow. Of 183 initially enrolled patients, 143 were finally analyzed after exclusions and loss to follow-up and randomly allocated to a training cohort and a validation cohort. The training cohort was divided into the restenosis and non-restenosis groups. Risk factors were analyzed, and a nomogram was developed and validated. T2DM: Type 2 diabetes mellitus; LEASO: Lower extremity arteriosclerosis obliterans; PTA: Percutaneous transluminal angioplasty; TSP-4: Thrombospondin-4; ROC: Receiver operating characteristic.