Association of serum and vitreous homocysteine and uric acid concentrations with post-vitrectomy prognosis in patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy

Table 1 Baseline characteristics, n (%)/mean ± SD

Variables	Control group (n = 46)	PDR group (n = 44)	T	P value
Male	8 (17.4)	27 (61.4)	20.624	< 0.001a
Age (years)	59.5 ± 4.95	54.59 ± 9.26	49.590	0.099
Serum
FBG (mmol/L)	5.59 ± 0.72	5.78 ± 1.35	72.682	0.905
HbA1c	6.04 ± 0.70	7.30 ± 1.22	47.781	0.003a
Hcy (μmol/L)	11.21 ± 2.76	15.10 ± 6.92	72.136	0.005a
UA (μmol/L)	287.67 ± 85.77	397.79 ± 97.55	71.468	0.381
BUN (mmol/L)	5.11 ± 1.52	10.85 ± 6.54	65.065	0.01a
Crea (μmol/L)	68.3 ± 12.73	165.09 ± 195.37	54.824	0.263
eGFR (mL/minute/m2)	85.4 ± 13.94	65.63 ± 36.46	78.432	0.396
UACR (mg/g)	15.7 ± 17.74	842.50 ± 1347.98	47.424	0.075
CysC (mg/L)	0.97 ± 0.12	1.97 ± 1.50	67.702	< 0.001a
Vitreous
Hcy (μmol/L)	0.82 ± 0.49	2.66 ± 1.46	30.935	< 0.001a
UA (μmol/L)	45.17 ± 37.18	198.84 ± 76.86	0.811	< 0.001a

^aP < 0.05.

FBG: Fasting blood glucose; HbA1c: Hemoglobin A1c; Hcy: Homocysteine; UA: Uric acid; BUN: Blood urea nitrogen; Crea: Creatinine; eGFR: Estimated glomerular filtration rate; UACR: Urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio; CysC: Cystatin C.