Endothelial cell-derived exosomes inhibit high glucose-induced osteoblast ferroptosis by activating microRNA-335-3p/prostaglandin endoperoxide synthase 2

Figure 2 Endothelial cell-exosomes attenuate high glucose-induced oxidative stress and ferroptosis. A-C: Comparison of reactive oxygen species levels, malondialdehyde levels and glutathione levels among the control group, high glucose (HG) group, and HG + exosomes (Exos) group; D: Reactive oxygen species fluorescence images of the control group, HG group, and HG + Exos group; E: Comparison of mRNA expression levels of ferroptosis indicators prostaglandin endoperoxide synthase 2, solute carrier family 3 member 2, solute carrier family 7 member 11, glutathione peroxidase 4 among the control group, HG group, and HG + Exos group. The bars indicate the mean ± SD from three independent experiments (n = 3). ^aP < 0.05 vs control, ^bP < 0.05 vs high glucose. Con: Osteoblasts treated with normal glucose; HG: Osteoblasts treated with high glucose; HG + Exos: High glucose + endothelial cell-exosomes; ROS: Reactive oxygen species; DCF: Dichlorofluorescein; MDA: Malondialdehyde; GSH: Glutathione; PTGS2: Prostaglandin endoperoxide synthase 2; SLC3A2: Solute carrier family 3 member 2; SLC7A11: Solute carrier family 7 member 11; GPX4: Glutathione peroxidase 4.