Managing diabetic ketoacidosis in special conditions: Difficulties and dilemmas

Figure 3 Diabetic ketoacidosis clinical algorithm for children. ¹Consider for rare use such as life-threatening hyperkalemia or severe acidosis (pH < 6.9) with impaired cardiac contractility (The International Society for Paediatric and Adolescent Diabetes recommendation). ²The goal is repletion of the patient’s fluid deficit over the first 36 to 48 hours. ABC: Airway, breathing, circulation; DKA: Diabetic ketoacidosis; GCS: Glasgow Coma Scale; K: Potassium; Kacetate: Potassium acetate; KCl: Potassium chloride; NaCl: Sodium chloride; NS: Normal saline solution; VBG: Venous blood gas.