Metabolic score for insulin resistance is associated with adverse cardiovascular events in patients with type 2 diabetes

Table 5 Association between metabolic score for insulin resistance and major adverse cardiovascular events in aspirin-free patients

Outcome	Events/n	Non-adjusted		Model 7		Model 8		Model 9
		HR (95%CI)	P value	HR (95%CI)	P value	HR (95%CI)	P value	HR (95%CI)	P value
MACEs	-	1.01 (1.01-1.01)	< 0.0001	1.01 (1.01-1.02)	< 0.0001	1.01 (1.01-1.01)	< 0.0001	1.01 (1.00, 1.01)	0.0008
METS-IR
Q1	171/1209	Reference	-	Reference	-	Reference	-	Reference	-
Q2	168/1151	1.05 (0.92-1.20)	0.4837	1.07 (0.94-1.23)	0.3044	1.02 (0.89-1.17)	0.7661	1.00 (0.87-1.15)	0.9627
Q3	202/1097	1.22 (1.07-1.39)	0.0036	1.31 (1.14-1.49)	< 0.0001	1.23 (1.07-1.41)	0.0035	1.19 (1.04-1.37)	0.0123
Q4	232/1138	1.32 (1.15-1.50)	< 0.0001	1.50 (1.31-1.71)	< 0.0001	1.31 (1.14-1.52)	0.0002	1.24 (1.07-1.43)	0.004
Per 1 SD	-	1.12 (1.07-1.17)	< 0.0001	1.18 (1.12-1.23)	< 0.0001	1.12 (1.06-1.18)	< 0.0001	1.09 (1.04-1.15)	0.0008
P for trend	-	-	< 0.0001	-	< 0.0001	-	< 0.0001	-	0.0005

Data are expressed as hazard ratio and 95% confidence intervals (reported in parentheses) as assessed by multivariable Cox regression analysis. Model 7 adjusted for age, sex. Model 8 adjusted for model 7 covariables plus race, cardiovascular disease history, previous hypertension, duration of diabetes, proteinuria, heart failure, depression, education, smoke, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, glycated hemoglobin, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein, estimated glomerular filtration rate, alanine aminotransferase. Model 9 adjusted for model 8 covariables plus the medications use, calcium channel blockers, beta-blockers, biguanides, insulins, statins, cholesterol absorption inhibitors. MACEs: Major adverse cardiovascular events; METS-IR: Metabolic score for insulin resistance; CI: Confidence interval; HR: Hazard ratio; SD: Standard deviation.