Association of social determinants of health and cardiovascular complications in type 2 diabetes in Colombia

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Aug 15, 2025 (publication date) through Aug 23, 2025

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World Journal of Diabetes

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1948-9358

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Baishideng Publishing Group Inc, 7041 Koll Center Parkway, Suite 160, Pleasanton, CA 94566, USA

Retrospective Cohort Study

World J Diabetes. Aug 15, 2025; 16(8): 106927
Published online Aug 15, 2025. doi: 10.4239/wjd.v16.i8.106927

Table 3 History of macrovascular and microvascular complications

Variable	Females, n = 233	Males, n = 247	Total, n = 480
Coronary artery disease	46 (20)	78 (32)^a	124 (26)
Cerebrovascular disease	19 (8)	12 (5)	31 (6)
Peripheral arterial disease	13 (6)	26 (11)^a	39 (8)
Diabetic retinopathy	14 (6)	24 (10)	38 (8)
Diabetic retinopathy	17 (7)	25 (10)	42 (9)
Diabetic nephropathy	45 (19)	69 (28)^a	114 (24)

^aP < 0.05.

Data are presented as n (%).

Citation: Rincon O, Uscategui C, Mancera P, Luna M, Rodriguez A, Alvarez M, Guzman I. Association of social determinants of health and cardiovascular complications in type 2 diabetes in Colombia. World J Diabetes 2025; 16(8): 106927
URL: https://www.wjgnet.com/1948-9358/full/v16/i8/106927.htm
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4239/wjd.v16.i8.106927