Higher glycated hemoglobin amplifies the effect of apolipoprotein E epsilon 4-related cognition and olfaction impairments in type 2 diabetes

Table 2 Associations of apolipoprotein E epsilon 4 with cognitive and olfactory function analyzed by logistic regression

Outcome	Variable	Model	β	SE	Wald	P value	OR	95%CI
CI	APOE4	Model 1	0.519	0.248	4.397	0.036	1.681	1.034-2.731
	APOE4	Model 2	0.514	0.253	4.133	0.042	1.673	1.019-2.747
	APOE4	Model 3	0.596	0.258	5.353	0.021	1.815	1.095-3.007
OD	APOE4	Model 1	0.856	0.260	10.859	< 0.001	2.353	1.414-3.915
	APOE4	Model 2	0.851	0.261	10.597	0.001	2.342	1.403-3.909
	APOE4	Model 3	0.951	0.268	12.621	< 0.001	2.588	1.532-4.374

CI: Cognitive impairment; OD: Olfactory dysfunction (olfactory threshold scores ≤ 2); OR: Odds ratio; CI: Confidence interval. Model 1 includes apolipoprotein E epsilon 4. Model 2 includes apolipoprotein E epsilon 4, age, and gender. Model 3 includes apolipoprotein E epsilon 4, age, gender, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, coronary artery disease, glycated hemoglobin and diabetes duration.