Exercise intensity and the risk of end-stage renal disease in diabetes: A nationwide population-based study

Table 6 Multivariate cox analysis for incident end-stage renal disease according to exercise intensity

DM duration	METs-min/week	Total (n)	ESRD (n)	Duration, PY	IR, 1000 PY	Adjusted HR (95% Confidence interval)
						Composite		Subgroup
						Model 1	Model 2	Model 1	Model 2
New onset	0	156141	473	888675	0.53	1 (Reference)	1 (Reference)	1 (Reference)	1 (Reference)
	1-499	213054	613	1227517	0.50	0.938 (0.832­1.058)	1.031 (0.914­1.162)	0.938 (0.832­1.058)	1.031 (0.914­1.162)
	500-999	216543	509	1249361	0.41	0.765 (0.675­0.867)	0.864 (0.762­0.980)	0.765 (0.675­0.867)	0.864 (0.762­0.980)
	1000-1499	91337	195	529164	0.37	0.692 (0.585­0.817)	0.753 (0.637­0.890)	0.692 (0.585­0.817)	0.753 (0.637­0.890)
	≥ 1500	45156	119	261225	0.46	0.855 (0.699­1.045)	0.890 (0.728­1.088)	0.855 (0.699­1.045)	0.890 (0.727­1.088)
< 5 years	0	158290	731	914709	0.80	1.495 (1.332­1.678)	1.203 (1.071­1.351)	1 (Reference)	1 (Reference)
	1-499	195372	720	1139960	0.63	1.181 (1.052­1.327)	1.063 (0.946­1.195)	0.790 (0.713­0.876)	0.884 (0.798­0.980)
	500-999	196962	750	1149962	0.65	1.220 (1.087­1.368)	1.082 (0.964­1.214)	0.816 (0.737­0.903)	0.899 (0.812­0.996)
	1000-1499	82296	258	483431	0.53	0.997 (0.857­1.161)	0.949 (0.815­1.104)	0.667 (0.579­0.769)	0.789 (0.684­0.909)
	≥ 1500	44117	145	258209	0.56	1.050 (0.871­1.264)	0.967 (0.803­1.165)	0.702 (0.588­0.839)	0.804 (0.673­0.961)
5-9 years	0	114441	1090	651145	1.67	3.137 (2.816­3.494)	1.771 (1.588­1.976)	1 (Reference)	1 (Reference)
	1-499	136083	1110	787142	1.41	2.640 (2.371­2.940)	1.690 (1.516­1.884)	0.842 (0.774­0.915)	0.954 (0.878­1.038)
	500-999	142641	1139	826498	1.38	2.579 (2.317­2.871)	1.697 (1.523­1.891)	0.822 (0.757­0.894)	0.958 (0.882­1.041)
	1000-1499	61138	402	357285	1.13	2.104 (1.842­2.403)	1.508 (1.319­1.724)	0.671 (0.598­0.752)	0.852 (0.759­0.955)
	≥ 1500	35642	237	207588	1.14	2.135 (1.827­2.496)	1.461 (1.249­1.709)	0.681 (0.592­0.783)	0.825 (0.717­0.949)
≥ 10 years	0	143418	4137	779842	5.30	9.998 (9.091­10.996)	2.635 (2.388­2.908)	1 (Reference)	1 (Reference)
	1-499	160706	4054	901589	4.50	8.454 (7.686­9.298)	2.484 (2.252­2.741)	0.846 (0.810­0.883)	0.943 (0.903­0.985)
	500-999	175652	4103	989951	4.14	7.788 (7.081­8.565)	2.423 (2.197­2.672)	0.779 (0.746­0.813)	0.919 (0.880­0.960)
	1000-1499	76202	1567	434702	3.60	6.764 (6.103­7.497)	2.284 (2.056­2.538)	0.677 (0.638­0.717)	0.867 (0.818­0.919)
	≥ 1500	49840	1007	283371	3.55	6.671 (5.980­7.441)	2.213 (1.979­2.475)	0.667 (0.623­0.715)	0.840 (0.784­0.900)

Model 1 is non-adjusted; model 2 is adjusted for age and sex, income, smoking, drinking, regular exercise, hypertension, dyslipidemia, fasting glucose, oral hyperglycemic agent more than 3, estimated glomerular filtration rate, protein. DM: Diabetes mellitus; ESRD: End-stage renal disease, PY: Person years; IR: Incidence rate; HR: Hazard ratio; MET: Metabolic equivalents of tasks.