Impact of intensive insulin therapy on dynamic cardiac function in critically ill patients with stress-induced hyperglycemia

Table 1 Comparison of hemodynamic and biochemical parameters between the stress-induced hyperglycemia and normal glycemia groups

Parameter	SIH (n = 101)	Normal glycemia (n = 85)	t value	P value
RAP (mmHg)	9.8 ± 5.1	6.1 ± 3.5	5.659	< 0.001
PAP (mmHg)	35.2 ± 16.0	26.2 ± 10.3	4.465	< 0.001
PAWP (mmHg)	16.0 ± 7.0	8.6 ± 6.4	7.467	< 0.001
CO (L/min)	3.3 ± 2.3	6.0 ± 3.3	6.548	< 0.001
CI (L/min/m²)	1.88 ± 0.24	2.70 ± 0.50	14.61	< 0.001
BNP (pg/mL)	465.4 ± 250.0	179.5 ± 52.5	10.35	< 0.001
pH	7.41 ± 0.12	7.38 ± 0.19	1.307	0.193
PaO2 (mmHg)	52.5 ± 11.0	66.0 ± 14.3	7.271	< 0.001
PaCO2 (mmHg)	18.0 ± 6.3	37.9 ± 2.8	26.96	< 0.001

RAP: Right atrial pressure; PAP: Pulmonary artery pressure; PAWP: Pulmonary artery wedge pressure; CO: Cardiac output; CI: Cardiac index; BNP: B-type natriuretic peptide; PaO₂: Partial pressure of oxygen; PaCO₂: Partial pressure of carbon dioxide; SIH: Stress-induced hyperglycemia.