Chronic hepatitis B with type 2 diabetes mellitus: Association between glycemic control and liver fibrosis

Table 1 General clinical data of patients with chronic hepatitis B combined with type 2 diabetes mellitus, n (%)

Variable		Classifications	Cases	mean ± SD/mean (Q1-Q3)
Age (years)		18-44	59 (14.0)	54 (48, 62)
		45-59	230 (54.8)
		60-74	117 (27.9)
		75-89	14 (3.3)
Number of days of hospitalization (days)				17 (12-24)
FIB-4				1.04 (0.58-2.04)
ALT (U/L)				40 (26-65)
AST (U/L)				40 (29-57)
ALP (U/L)				100 (77-144)
GGT (U/L)				64 (30.5-115.5)
S/L				1 (0.7-1.4)
TP (g/L)				67.63 ± 8.28
ALB (g/L)				37.27 ± 6.62
Glo (g/L)				29.9 (26.8-34)
A/G				1.25 (1.03-1.5)
TBIL (μmol/L)				16 (9.8-27.65)
Bc-Tr (μmol/L)				1.59 (0.82-4.17)
Fer (ng/mL)				222 (94-447)
NEFA (mmol/L)				0.52 (0.36-0.7)
PIIIP (ng/mL)				56.25 (15.97-148.53)
CG (μg/mL)				4.75 (1.78-15.72)
CIV (ng/mL)				49.11 (22.28-113.97)
LN (ng/mL)				87.95 (58.37-125.66)
HA (ng/mL)				118.03 (75.56-260.73)
FBG (g/L)				2.3 (1.85-2.81)
PT (s)				13.4 (12.4-14.6)
Pa (%)				79.3 (67-90.5)
PT-INR				1.12 (1.04-1.25)
APTT (seconds)				30.1 (27.2-34.35)
TT (seconds)				17.6 (16.6-18.95)
Admission glucose status	HbA1c (%)	Favorable	155 (36.9)	7.3 (6.2-9)
		Normal	92 (21.9)
	Admission FPG (mmol/L)	Poor	168 (40.0)	7.57 (6.32-10.19)
		Defective	5 (1.2)
BMI (kg/m2)		Thin (BMI < 18.5 kg/m2)	11 (2.6)	24.13 ± 3.5
		Normal (18.5-24 kg/m2)	187 (44.5)
		Overweight (24-28 kg/m2)	160 (38.1)
		Obese (BMI ≥ 28 kg/m2)	47 (11.2)
		Defective	15 (3.6)
Duration of diabetes mellitus (years)				2 (0.01-6)
Duration of liver disease (years)				7 (0.5-20)
LSM (kPa)		Liver fibrosis exclusion group	27 (6.4)	16.6 (9.13-26.98)
		Liver fibrosis group	121 (28.8)
		Cirrhosis group	272 (64.8)
Discharge FPG (mmol/L)		Standard	224 (53.3)	6.42 (5.47-8)
		Non standard	146 (34.8)
		Not examined	50 (11.9)
Ethnicity		The Han nationality	407 (96.9)
		Tibetan nationality	12 (2.9)
		Yi nationality	1 (0.2)
Smoking history		Chronic smoking	148 (35.2)
		Occasional smoker	16 (3.8)
		Quit smoking	54 (12.9)
		Never smoked	202 (48.1)
Drinking history		Drinking alcohol for a long time	76 (18.1)
		Occasional drinker	62 (14.8)
		Quit drinking	68 (16.2)
		Never drank alcohol	214 (51)
Gender		Female	99 (23.6)
		Male	321 (76.4)
Diabetes treatment program		Insulin	172 (41)
		Drugs	71 (16.9)
		Insulin + drugs	34 (8.1)
		Untreated	143 (34)

FIB-4: Fibrosis 4 score; ALT: Alanine aminotransferase; AST: Aspartate transaminase; ALP: Alkaline phosphatase; GGT: Gamma-glutamyl transferase; S/L: Aspartate transaminase/alanine aminotransferase ratio; TP: Total protein; ALB: Albumin; Glo: Globulin; A/G: Albumin/globulin; TBIL: Total bilirubin; Bc-Tr: True conjugated bilirubin; Fer: Ferritin; NEFA: Nonestesterified fatty acid; PIIIP: Procollagen III peptide; CG: Cholyglycine; CIV: Collage type IV; LN: Laminin; HA: Hyaluronic acid; FBG: Fibrinogen; PT: Prothrombin time; Pa: Prothrombin activation; PT-INR: Prothrombin time-international normalized ratio; APTT: Activated partial thromboplastin time; TT: Thrombin time; HbA1c: Glycated hemoglobin A1c; FPG: Fasting plasma glucose; BMI: Body mass index; LSM: Liver stiffness measurement.