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©The Author(s) 2025.
World J Diabetes. Jul 15, 2025; 16(7): 107111
Published online Jul 15, 2025. doi: 10.4239/wjd.v16.i7.107111
Published online Jul 15, 2025. doi: 10.4239/wjd.v16.i7.107111
Table 4 Diabetes and prediabetes cardiovascular mortality risk subgroup analyses
Variables | Q1 | Q2 HR (95%CI) | Q3 HR (95%CI) | Q4 HR (95%CI) | P for trend | P for interaction |
Age | 0.05 | |||||
< 65 | Reference | 1.13 (0.59-2.18) | 0.32 (0.13-0.79) | 1.02 (0.39-2.65) | 0.10 | |
≥ 65 | Reference | 0.78 (0.56-1.09) | 1.05 (0.76-1.46) | 0.70 (0.50-0.97) | 0.50 | |
Sex | 0.62 | |||||
Male | Reference | 0.87 (0.58-1.30) | 0.70 (0.45-1.10) | 0.81 (0.52-1.26) | 0.78 | |
Female | Reference | 0.84 (0.52-1.36) | 0.99 (0.66-1.49) | 0.69 (0.42-1.13) | 0.53 | |
Race | 0.33 | |||||
Mexican American | Reference | 0.78 (0.25-2.39) | 1.31 (0.54-3.17) | 0.51 (0.15-1.68) | 0.23 | |
Non-Hispanic Black | Reference | 0.95 (0.60-1.52) | 0.53 (0.27-1.07) | 0.34 (0.13-0.87) | 0.04 | |
Non-Hispanic White | Reference | 0.85 (0.56-1.29) | 0.82 (0.59-1.13) | 0.81 (0.56-1.19) | 0.56 | |
Other | Reference | 0.95 (0.32-2.86) | 1.25 (0.55-2.80) | 0.50 (0.16-1.60) | 0.11 | |
Marital status | 0.46 | |||||
Married | Reference | 1.08 (0.72-1.63) | 0.90 (0.61-1.34) | 0.94 (0.59-1.49) | 0.66 | |
Never married | Reference | 0.56 (0.14-2.26) | 0.76 (0.13-4.28) | 1.01 (0.07-13.51) | 0.55 | |
Divorced | Reference | 0.76 (0.39-1.48) | 0.26 (0.09-0.80) | 0.75 (0.33-1.70) | 0.20 | |
Unmarried but have/had partner | Reference | 0.72 (0.45-1.14) | 0.90 (0.57-1.43) | 0.50 (0.32-0.77) | 0.11 | |
Education | 0.20 | |||||
Less than high school | Reference | 0.90 (0.56-1.46) | 1.19 (0.80-1.78) | 0.94 (0.50-1.74) | 0.73 | |
High school or equivalent | Reference | 0.89 (0.42-1.90) | 1.39 (0.86-2.24) | 0.71 (0.35-1.42) | 0.54 | |
College or above | Reference | 0.78 (0.49-1.25) | 0.48 (0.31-0.74) | 0.62 (0.40-0.95) | 0.94 | |
BMI | 0.48 | |||||
< 25 | Reference | 1.25 (0.60-2.61) | 0.90 (0.53-1.53) | 0.69 (0.34-1.38) | 0.18 | |
25-30 | Reference | 1.02 (0.64-1.61) | 0.96 (0.54-1.70) | 0.58 (0.31-1.07) | 0.12 | |
> 30 | Reference | 0.70 (0.40-1.20) | 0.70 (0.47-1.03) | 0.89 (0.55-1.46) | 0.48 | |
Hypertension | 0.14 | |||||
Yes | Reference | 0.75 (0.53-1.07) | 0.87 (0.67-1.13) | 0.76 (0.52-1.10) | 0.17 | |
No | Reference | 1.35 (0.71-2.55) | 0.68 (0.34-1.34) | 0.68 (0.35-1.32) | 0.58 | |
PIR | 0.93 | |||||
< 1.3 | Reference | 1.06 (0.68-1.67) | 0.83 (0.51-1.33) | 1.01 (0.49-2.07) | 0.69 | |
1.3-3.5 | Reference | 0.73 (0.44-1.20) | 0.87 (0.57-1.33) | 0.66 (0.42-1.04) | 0.12 | |
> 3.5 | Reference | 1.06 (0.52-2.16) | 0.82 (0.43-1.55) | 0.84 (0.46-1.54) | 0.43 | |
Cancer | 0.26 | |||||
Yes | Reference | 0.94 (0.48-1.84) | 1.00 (0.49-2.02) | 1.21 (0.61-2.37) | 0.63 | |
No | Reference | 0.85 (0.59-1.23) | 0.80 (0.60-1.06) | 0.62 (0.43-0.88) | 0.39 | |
CVD | 0.68 | |||||
Yes | Reference | 0.73 (0.46-1.15) | 0.82 (0.51-1.31) | 0.61 (0.40-0.94) | 0.21 | |
No | Reference | 0.98 (0.63-1.53) | 0.80 (0.54-1.18) | 0.85 (0.53-1.36) | 0.76 |
- Citation: Wang Z, Shi FC, Hou SB, Sun QQ, Fang CY. Association of dietary index for gut microbiota and all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in patients with diabetes or prediabetes. World J Diabetes 2025; 16(7): 107111
- URL: https://www.wjgnet.com/1948-9358/full/v16/i7/107111.htm
- DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4239/wjd.v16.i7.107111