First metatarsophalangeal joint synovial hypertrophy associated with vitamin D status in type 2 diabetes mellitus: An ultrasound-graded study

Table 2 Univariate analysis for first metatarsophalangeal joint synovial hypertrophy across different degrees

Variable	OR (95%CI)	P value
Gender
Male	Reference
Female	0.95 (0.41, 2.18)	0.8962
Age (year)	0.95 (0.91, 0.99)	0.0146
DD (year)	1.00 (0.95, 1.06)	0.9327
UA (μmol/L)	1.00 (0.99, 1.01)	0.7669
FPG (μg/dL)	1.06 (0.88, 1.27)	0.5511
HbA1c (%)	0.97 (0.79 1.20)	0.7817
ALB (g/L)	1.16 (1.03, 1.32)	0.0183
BMI (kg/m2)	0.94 (0.83, 1.07)	0.3633
25(OH)D (ng/mL)	0.96 (0.91, 1.02)	0.2169
25(OH)D (dichotomous)
Low	0.85 (0.75, 0.98)	0.0229
High	1.01 (0.93, 1.10)	0.8308
25(OH)D status
Non-deficiency	Reference
Deficiency	4.38 (1.36, 14.12)	0.0132

DD: Duration of diabetes; UA: Serum uric acid; FPG: Fasting plasma glucose; HbA1c: Glycated hemoglobin; ALB: Albumin; BMI: Body mass index; 25(OH)D: 25-hydroxyvitamin D; OR: Odds ratio; CI: Confidence interval.