Efficacy of Xiaokeqing granules and lifestyle intervention in treating prediabetes mellitus considering metabolomic biomarkers: A randomised controlled trial

Table 4 Comparison of liver and renal function, mean ± SD

Variables	Con group (ITT analysis)		Con group (PP analysis)		XQG group (ITT or PP analysis)
	Baseline (n = 20)	Follow-up 2 (n = 20)	Baseline (n = 17)	Follow-up 2 (n = 17)	Baseline (n = 20)	Follow-up 2 (n = 20)
ALT (U/L)	22.15 ± 9.90	23.61 ± 18.73	23.22 ± 10.22	24.94 ± 20.01	26.76 ± 17.52	26.65 ± 18.95
AST (U/L)	21.83 ± 4.43	23.01 ± 8.30	22.29 ± 4.62	23.68 ± 8.85	24.99 ± 7.44	26.94 ± 14.01
BUN (mmol/L)	5.03 ± 1.20	5.18 ± 1.49	5.19 ± 1.22	5.37 ± 1.54	5.61 ± 0.96	5.66 ± 1.32
Cr (μmol/L)	61.50 ± 10.60	59.70 ± 9.81	61.14 ± 10.85	59.02 ± 9.80	64.46 ± 15.71	63.84 ± 15.24

Con: Control; XQG: Xiaokeqing granule; ITT: Intention-to-treat; PP: Per-protocol; ALT: Alanine aminotransferase; AST: Aspartate aminotransferase; BUN: Blood urea nitrogen; Cr: Creatinine.