Vitamin D deficiency is associated with apolipoprotein A1 levels in patients with young-onset type 2 diabetes mellitus

Table 4 Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses for independent factors associated with apolipoprotein A1 in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients

Variables	Univariate logistic regression analyses					multivariate logistic regression analyses
	β value	SE	Z value	P value	OR (95%CI)	β value	SE	Z value	P value	OR (95%CI)
Sex
Male					1.00 (Reference)					1.00 (Reference)
Female	-1.36	0.21	-6.44	< 0.001	0.26 (0.17-0.39)	-0.98	0.36	-2.73	0.006	0.38 (0.19-0.76)
Smoking
0					1.00 (Reference)					1.00 (Reference)
1	0.88	0.19	4.69	< 0.001	2.41 (1.67-3.49)	0.43	0.24	1.78	0.075	1.54 (0.96-2.47)
Alcohol
0					1.00 (Reference)					1.00 (Reference)
1	0.71	0.20	3.46	< 0.001	2.03 (1.36-3.03)	0.03	0.26	0.11	0.916	1.03 (0.62-1.72)
Hyperlipemia
0					1.00 (Reference)					1.00 (Reference)
1	0.54	0.17	3.15	0.002	1.72 (1.23-2.41)	0.04	0.20	0.18	0.856	1.04 (0.70-1.54)
Fatty liver
0					1.00 (Reference)					1.00 (Reference)
1	1.03	0.19	5.39	< 0.001	2.80 (1.93-4.07)	0.19	0.24	0.79	0.432	1.21 (0.76-1.92)
25VitD class
Normal					1.00 (Reference)					1.00 (Reference)
Insufficient	1.33	0.47	2.83	0.005	3.79 (1.50-9.56)	0.79	0.54	1.46	0.144	2.20 (0.77-6.30)
Deficient	1.20	0.45	2.67	0.007	3.33 (1.38-8.03)	0.57	0.52	1.11	0.266	1.78 (0.65-4.88)
Severely deficient	1.67	0.48	3.47	< 0.001	5.30 (2.07-13.59)	1.23	0.56	2.22	0.026	3.43 (1.16-10.20)
UA, μmol/L	0.01	0.00	3.26	0.001	1.01 (1.01-1.01)	-0.00	0.00	-0.31	0.754	1.00 (1.00-1.00)
Glu, mmol/L	0.04	0.02	1.98	0.048	1.04 (1.01-1.08)	-0.01	0.02	-0.57	0.570	0.99 (0.94-1.03)
ALT, U/L	0.01	0.00	2.95	0.003	1.01 (1.01-1.01)	-0.01	0.00	-0.12	0.901	1.00 (0.99-1.01)
AST, U/L	0.01	0.00	2.85	0.004	1.01 (1.01-1.01)	0.01	0.01	1.00	0.319	1.01 (1.00-1.02)
Scr, μmol/L	0.02	0.01	3.23	0.001	1.02 (1.01-1.03)	-0.00	0.01	-0.55	0.581	1.00 (0.98-1.01)
Ca, mmol/L	-2.02	0.70	-2.87	0.004	0.13 (0.03-0.53)	-2.78	0.92	-3.03	0.002	0.06 (0.01-0.38)
Hemoglobin, g/L	0.02	0.00	4.00	< 0.001	1.02 (1.01-1.03)	-0.01	0.01	-1.34	0.179	0.99 (0.98-1.00)
HDL-C class
0					1.00 (Reference)					1.00 (Reference)
1	3.46	0.51	6.72	< 0.001	31.77 (11.59-87.06)	3.09	0.54	5.75	< .001	22.00 (7.67-63.13)
TG, mmol/L	0.12	0.03	3.97	< 0.001	1.13 (1.06-1.19)	0.06	0.03	1.74	0.082	1.06 (0.99-1.12)

25VitD: 25-hydroxy vitamin D; UA: Uric acid; Glu: Glucose; ALT: Alanine transaminase; AST: Aspartate aminotransferase; Scr: Serum creatinine; Ca: Blood calcium; HDL-C: High-density lipoprotein cholesterol; TG: Triglycerides; OR: Odds ratio; CI: Confidence interval.