Liraglutide alleviates diabetic cardiomyopathy in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats by enhancing mitophagy mediated by the AMPK-Parkin signaling pathway

Figure 2 Liraglutide alleviates myocardial injury in diabetic cardiomyopathy rats. A: Representative images of the hearts from four groups of rats (the first row, scale bar = 5mm), haematoxylin and eosin staining (n = 6 per group, scale bar = 2000 μm as indicated in upper panel, scale bar = 200 μm as indicated in low panel), Masson’s trichrome staining (n = 6 per group, scale bar = 2000 μm as indicated in upper panel, scale bar = 200 μm as indicated in low panel). Wheat germ agglutinin (WGA) staining (n = 6 per group, scale bar = 50 μm), and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase mediated dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) staining (n = 4 per group, scale bar = 75 μm); B: The ratio of heart weight to body weight in four groups of rats (n = 8 per group); C: Quantification of Masson’s trichrome staining (n = 6 per group); D: Quantification of WGA staining (n = 6 per group); E: Quantification of TUNEL staining (n = 6 per group); F: Representative Western blotting images of pro-caspase 3, cleaved caspase 3, PTEN-induced putative kinase 1 (PINK1), Parkin, p-AMPKα and AMPKα in the hearts of the four groups of rats; G-J: Quantification of the protein expression including pro-caspase 3, cleaved caspase 3, PINK1, Parkin, p-AMPKα and AMPKα in F. Values are presented as the mean ± SD. ^aP < 0.05; ^bP < 0.01; ^CP < 0.001. Con: Control group; DCM: Diabetic cardiomyopathy; H&E: Haematoxylin and eosin; WGA: Wheat germ agglutinin; HW: Heart weight; BW: Body weight.