Association of ICAM-1 Gene Polymorphisms with Diabetic Retinopathy in T2DM Patients from Northern India: Case-control and meta-analysis

Table 5 Characteristics of the studies assessing the association between intercellular adhesion molecule-1 Lys469Glu variant and the risk of diabetic retinopathy

No.	Ethnicity	Country	Genotyping	Diabetic retinopathy			Non-diabetic retinopathy			HWE P values	Ref.
				AA	AG	GG	AA	AG	GG
1	Asian	Japan	PCR-RFLP	34	35	12	10	30	10	0.157	Kamiuchi et al[30], 2002
2	Asian	China	PCR-HA SSCP	81	40	11	16	15	9	0.152	Liu et al[27], 2006
3	Caucasian	Slovenia	PCR-RFLP	47	96	52	44	77	22	0.218	Petrovic et al[31], 2008
4	Asian	India	Snapshot	103	162	80	99	174	86	0.578	Balasubbu et al[32], 2010
5	Asian	China	Allele specific PCR	10	24	6	24	14	2	0.982	Zhu et al[28], 2010
6	Asian	China	PCR-RFLP	37	44	21	54	45	21	0.039	Zhou et al[29], 2010
7	Asian	India	DNA sequencing	60	92	47	29	84	44	0.317	Vinita et al[26], 2012
8	Asian	China	PCR-LDR	221	193	34	166	154	24	0.142	Lv et al[25], 2016
9	Asian	India	PCR-RFLP	103	138	61	120	148	44	0.879	Present study

HWE: Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium; PCR-RFLP: PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism; PCR-HA SSCP: PCR-heteroduplex-single-strand conformation polymorphism; PCR-LDR: PCR-ligase detection reaction.