Association of ICAM-1 Gene Polymorphisms with Diabetic Retinopathy in T2DM Patients from Northern India: Case-control and meta-analysis

Table 1 Allele frequencies and genotype distribution of c.1405A>G (p.Lys469Glu) (rs5498) polymorphism in intercellular adhesion molecule-1 in diabetic retinopathy cases and controls

	DR cases, n = 302	CDR, n = 312	χ2, P value	OR (95%CI)	OR, P value
Alleles
A	344 (56.95)	388 (62.17)	0.070	Reference
G	260 (43.04)	236 (37.82)		1.24 (0.98-1.56)	0.062
Genotypes
AA	103 (34.10)	120 (38.46)	0.120	Reference
AG	138 (45.69)	148 (47.43)		1.08 (0.76-1.54)	0.643
GG	61 (20.19)	44 (14.10)		1.61 (1.01-2.58)	0.044a
Genetic models
Dominant model (AA vs AG + GG)				0.98 (0.67-1.42)	0.916
Codominant model (AG vs AA + GG)				0.83 (0.58-1.20)	0.342
Recessive model (GG vs AG + AA)				1.31 (0.81-2.13)	0.262

^aP < 0.05.

Data are presented as n (%). Data indicate the number of subjects with each genotype and allele (frequency in percent). Odds ratios for different modes of inheritance were calculated. Odds ratios were adjusted for age, age of onset of diabetes, duration of diabetes, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, random blood glucose levels, glycated hemoglobin, and body mass index. DR: Diabetic retinopathy; CDR: Controls without diabetic retinopathy; OR: Odds ratio; CI: Confidence interval.