Real-world evidence for herbal medicine benefit in 9728 type 2 diabetes patients-peridonotitis risk and ambulatory care utilization

Table 4 Incidence and periodontitis risk for type 2 diabetes patients with and without medicinal herbs use stratified by sex and age

Variables	Nonusers of medicinal herbs			Users of medicinal herbs			Crude HR (95%CI)	Adjusted HR (95%CI)
	Case	PY	Incidence	Case	PY	Incidence
Sex
Female	2977	34644.4	85.93019	2431	38156.72	63.71	0.73 (0.69-0.77)	0.701 (0.67-0.75)
Male	2014	29208.16	68.95333	1875	28698.32	65.33	0.93 (0.87-0.98)	0.911 (0.86-0.96)
Age (year)
≤ 50	1946	19042.44	102.1928	1652	21676.83	76.21041	0.75 (0.69-0.79)	0.742 (0.69-0.78)
> 50	3045	44810.12	67.9534	2654	45178.21	58.74513	0.86 (0.79-0.88)	0.832 (0.79-0.87)

¹Model adjusted for age, urbanization level, monthly income, medication use and CCI.

²Model adjusted for sex, urbanization level, monthly income, medication use and CCI.

PY: Person-years; HR: Hazard ratio; 95%CI: 95% confidence interval.