RRM2 attenuates the renal tubular ferroptosis in diabetic kidney disease through PI3K/Akt/Nrf2 pathway

Figure 1 Serum ribonucleotide reductase regulatory subunit M2 levels in control subjects and type 2 diabetes mellitus patients. A: Comparison of serum ribonucleotide reductase regulatory subunit M2 (RRM2) levels between control subjects and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients. The serum RRM2 concentration in T2DM patients (n = 194) was significantly higher than that in the control subjects (n = 120). The t-test was applied; B: Comparison of serum RRM2 levels among the three subgroups of T2DM patients. Serum RRM2 concentration in patients with macroalbuminuria (n = 43) was significantly lower than that in patients with normoalbuminuria (n = 93) and microalbuminuria (n = 58). ANOVA was applied; C: The receiver operating characteristic curve was used to obtain the optimal cutoff value of serum RRM2 (30 pg/mL) that distinguishes T2DM patients from healthy controls. ^aP < 0.001. RRM2: Ribonucleotide reductase regulatory subunit M2; T2DM: Type 2 diabetes mellitus.