Optimizing adipose-derived stem cell therapy for diabetic foot ulcers

Figure 4 Effects of vascular endothelial growth factor on angiogenesis. A: Wound healing assay demonstrated that conditioned medium (CM) promoted human umbilical vein endothelial cell migration, while a vascular endothelial growth factor-neutralizing antibody attenuated the promigratory effects of CM; B: Statistical bar chart of the cell migration rate at 6 and 24 hours after scratching; C: A tube formation assay showed that CM promoted angiogenesis, while antibody attenuated the proangiogenic effects of CM. The data are presented as mean ± SD. Scale bar, 200 μm. HUVECs: Human umbilical vein endothelial cells; Ab: Antibody; CM: Conditioned medium. ^aP < 0.01 vs human umbilical vein endothelial cells, ^bP < 0.0001 vs human umbilical vein endothelial cells, ^cP < 0.01 vs human umbilical vein endothelial cells + conditioned medium, and ^dP < 0.001 vs human umbilical vein endothelial cells + conditioned medium.