Serum alpha-1-microglobulin as a predictor of multiple complications in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients

Table 3 Subgroup analysis of the relationship between serum alpha-1-microglobulin level and complications risk in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients

	DN (95%CI)	P value	P for interaction	DR (95%CI)	P value	P for interaction	DPN (95%CI)	P value	P for interaction	LVH (95%CI)	P value	P for interaction
Age			0.017			0.392			0.978			0.887
< 60	1.80 (1.54, 2.12)	< 0.001		1.12 (1.01, 1.25)	0.039		1.04 (0.92, 1.18)	0.524		1.28 (1.16, 1.41)	< 0.001
≥ 60	1.98 (1.58, 2.48)	< 0.001		1.22 (1.04, 1.42)	0.011		1.16 (0.94, 1.43)	0.177		1.28 (1.09, 1.49)	0.002
Sex			0.335			0.059			0.379			0.004
Male	1.76 (1.48, 2.08)	< 0.001		1.09 (0.98, 1.22)	0.114		1.09 (0.95, 1.25)	0.213		1.30 (1.15, 1.47)	< 0.001
Female	1.97 (1.59, 2.44)	< 0.001		1.31 (1.13, 1.53)	< 0.001		1.18 (0.99, 1.40)	0.059		1.11 (0.98, 1.25)	0.102
BMI			0.598			0.867			0.549			0.352
< 25	1.83 (1.54, 2.18)	< 0.001		1.15 (1.02, 1.29)	0.027		1.07 (0.93, 1.23)	0.342		1.20 (1.06, 1.36)	0.004
≥ 25	1.85 (1.51, 2.25)	< 0.001		1.20 (1.05, 1.37)	0.007		1.20 (1.02, 1.42)	0.028		1.29 (1.15, 1.46)	< 0.001
Hypertension			0.003			0.060			0.707			0.464
Yes	2.00 (1.71, 2.35)	< 0.001		1.15 (1.05, 1.27)	0.003		1.15 (1.01, 1.30)	0.033		1.29 (1.19, 1.41)	< 0.001
No	1.48 (1.16, 1.89)	0.001		1.29 (1.02, 1.64)	0.033		1.06 (0.83, 1.34)	0.637		1.10 (0.86, 1.42)	0.433
Hyperlipidaemia			0.564			0.270			0.360			0.575
Yes	1.91 (1.61, 2.25)	< 0.001		1.23 (1.10, 1.38)	< 0.001		1.15 (1.00, 1.32)	0.053		1.25 (1.12, 1.38)	< 0.001
No	1.79 (1.44, 2.22)	< 0.001		1.06 (0.92, 1.23)	0.426		1.13 (0.96, 1.34)	0.149		1.21 (1.05, 1.39)	0.010
CHD			0.169			< 0.001			0.690			0.954
Yes	1.61 (1.24, 2.10)	< 0.001		1.06 (0.92, 1.22)	0.460		1.01 (0.82, 1.24)	0.944		1.23 (1.05, 1.43)	0.008
No	1.91 (1.64, 2.22)	< 0.001		1.26 (1.13, 1.41)	< 0.001		1.19 (1.05, 1.35)	0.007		1.31 (1.19, 1.45)	< 0.001

Stratified by age, sex, body mass index (BMI), hypertension, hyperlipidaemia, and coronary heart disease (CHD). Adjusted for age, sex, BMI, smoking, alcohol consumption, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, hypertension, hyperlipidaemia, CHD, antihypertensive drugs, lipid-lowering drugs, antidiabetic drugs, fasting blood glucose, glycated haemoglobin, total cholesterol, triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, uric acid, estimated glomerular filtration rate, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, white blood cell, C-reactive protein, and left ventricular ejection fraction. DN: Diabetic nephropathy; DR: Diabetic retinopathy; DPN: Diabetic peripheral neuropathy; LVH: Left ventricular hypertrophy; BMI: Body mass index; CHD: Coronary heart disease.