Analysis of inflammatory response and its factors after dental implant surgery in patients with type 2 diabetes

Table 3 Comparison of inflammatory factors in gingival crevicular fluid

Groups	Time points	TNF-α (ng/mL)	IL-1β (ng/mL)	IL-6 (ng/mL)
Observation group (n = 146)	1 month after surgery	0.71 ± 0.07	0.52 ± 0.06	1.94 ± 0.22
	3 months after surgery	1.42 ± 0.12a,c	1.04 ± 0.11a,c	3.07 ± 0.33a,c
	6 months after surgery	1.98 ± 0.18a,b,c	2.08 ± 0.28a,b,c	4.88 ± 0.47a,b,c
Control group (n = 60)	1 month after surgery	0.74 ± 0.08	0.52 ± 0.08	1.99 ± 0.15
	3 months after surgery	0.67 ± 0.16a	0.50 ± 0.06	2.03 ± 0.21
	6 months after surgery	0.70 ± 0.16	0.43 ± 0.08a,b	1.59 ± 0.08a,b

^aP < 0.05 vs the level at 1 month after surgery in the same group.

^bP < 0.05 vs the level at 3 months after surgery in the same group.

^cP < 0.05 vs the control group at the same time point.

TNF-α: Tumor necrosis factor-α; IL-1β: Interleukin-1β; IL-6: Interleukin-6.