Exosomal transfer of miR-375-3p from pancreatic β cells to hepatocytes impairs hepatic glycogenesis via Rbpj repression

Figure 3 Exosomes secreted by glucotoxic pancreatic cells reduce hepatocyte glycogenesis. A: Exosome identification by NanoSight particle size analysis; B: Exosome morphology visualized by transmission electron microscopy; C: Western blot analysis of exosomal markers (CD63, CD9, and FLOT1); D: Tracking of pancreatic cell-derived exosomes labeled with PKH26 dye in Hep1-6 cells; E-L: Western blot analysis of AKT/GSK signaling (E-G, I-K) and glycogen content (H and L) in Hep1-6 cells treated with exosomes from High-fat diet (HFD) mouse islet primary cells (IPC-Exos) and MIN-6 cells (MIN-6 Exos); M-T: Western blot analysis of AKT/GSK signaling (M-O, P-R) and glycogen content (S and T) in Hep1-6 cells treated with exosomes-free conditioned media from HFD mouse islet primary cells (IPC-Exos free) and MIN-6 cells (MIN-6 Exos free). The experiments were repeated three times. Western blot raw data in Supplementary material. ^aP < 0.05, ^bP < 0.01, ^cP < 0.001. CD63: Cluster of differentiation 63; CD9: Cluster of differentiation 9; FLOT-1: Flotillin.