Risk factors for urosepsis in diabetic patients with renal and ureteral calculi: A retrospective study

Table 1 Comparison of clinical characteristics between the observation group and control group, n (%)

Clinical characteristics	Observation group (n = 32)	Control group (n = 266)	χ2/t value	P value
Age (years, mean ± SD)	60.5 ± 11.1	56.0 ± 10.7	2.239	0.026
Sex			5.41	0.02
Male	10 (31.3)	141 (53.0)
Female	22 (68.8)	125 (47.0)
HbA1c (%)	7.1 ± 2.1	6.9 ± 1.8	0.583	0.560
Fever			17.59	< 0.001
No	8 (25.0)	169 (63.5)
Yes	24 (75.0)	97 (36.5)
Flank/abdominal pain			9.484	0.002
No	14 (43.8)	188 (70.7)
Yes	18 (56.3)	78 (29.3)
Gross hematuria			0.08	0.778
No	19 (59.4)	151 (56.8)
Yes	13 (40.6)	115 (43.2)
Urinary irritation			12.16	< 0.001
No	8 (25.0)	153 (57.5)
Yes	24 (75.0)	113 (42.5)
History of hypertension			1.204	0.272
No	20 (62.5)	139 (52.3)
Yes	12 (37.5)	127 (47.7)
Urine nitrite			8.303	0.004
(-)	13 (40.6)	177 (66.5)
(+)	19 (59.4)	89 (33.5)
Stone laterality			0.001	0.99
Right	15 (46.9)	125 (47.0)
Left	17 (53.1)	141 (53.0)
Obstruction site			0.287	0.592
Kidney	6 (18.8)	61 (22.9)
Ureter	26 (81.3)	205 (77.1)
Hydronephrosis			8.802	0.032
None	2 (6.3)	47 (17.7)
Mild	14 (43.8)	80 (30.1)
Moderate	13 (40.6)	101 (38.0)
Severe	3 (9.4)	38 (14.3)
Urine leukocytes			27.249	< 0.001
(-)	0 (0.0)	80 (30.1)
(+)	8 (25.0)	58 (21.8)
(++)	11 (34.4)	65 (24.4)
(+++)	13 (40.6)	63 (23.7)
Urine glucose			9.223	0.002
(-)	3 (9.4)	76 (28.6)
(+)	4 (12.5)	54 (20.3)
(++)	21 (65.6)	108 (40.6)
(+++)	4 (12.5)	28 (10.5)

HbA1c: Hemoglobin A1c.