Maternal and neonatal outcomes according to the timing of diagnosis of gestational diabetes: A critical appraisal

Table 5 The relative effect and anticipate absolute effects on adverse events: Comparison between treated early gestational diabetes and late-onset gestational diabetes women

Outcome	Immanuel and Simmons[30]			Feghali et al[31]			Tirado-Aguilar et al[35]			Regnault et al[28]			Yefet et al[34]
	Relative effect, relative risk (95%CI)	Anticipated absolute effect, risk with L-GDM treated per 1000 women	Anticipated absolute effect, risk difference with E-GDM treated per 1000 women	Relative effect, aOR (95%CI)	Anticipated absolute effect, risk with L-GDM treated per 1000	Anticipated absolute effect, risk difference with E-GDM treated per 1000	Relative effect, aOR (95%CI)	Anticipated absolute effect, risk with L-GDM treated per 1000	Anticipated absolute effect, risk difference with E-GDM treated per 1000	Relative effect; adjusted prevalence ratio (95%CI)	Anticipated absolute effect, risk with L-GDM treated per 1000	Anticipated absolute effect, risk difference with E-GDM treated per 1000	Relative effect, aOR (95%CI)	Anticipated absolute effect, risk with L-GDM treated per 1000	Anticipated absolute effect, risk difference with E-GDM treated per 1000
Large for gestational age babies	1.07 (0.86-1.35)	187	13 more (26 fewer to 66 more)							1.10 (1.06-1.14)	170	17 more (11 more to 24 more)
Perinatal mortality	3.58 (1.91-6.71)	2	6 more (2 more to 14 more)				0.29 (0.18-2.78)	10	8 fewer (9 fewer to 18 more)	1.51 (1.19-1.91)	2	1, 0 fewer to 2 more
Neonatal hypoglycemia	1.61 (1.02-2.55)	134	82 more (3 more to 207 more)				18.57 (2.69-21.2)	6	106 (11 more 122 more)	1.08 (0.96-1.22)	20	2 (2 fewer to 5 more)	3.5 (2-6.1)	27	68 more (27 more to 138 more)
Caesarian delivery	1.09 (0.94-1.26)	313	28 more (19 fewer to 81 more)							1.03 (1-1.05)	250	8 more (0 fewer 13 more)
Shoulder dystocia	1.76 (0.96-3.24)	16	12 more (19 fewer to 36 more)										10.3 (2.4-44.6)	3	28 more (5 more to 131 more)
Respiratory distress	1 (0.76-1.32)	38	0 fewer to 12 more				4.76 (1.91-15.16)	26	98 (24 more to 369 more)
Macrosomia	1.05 (0.77-1.41)	108	5 more (25 fewer to 55 more)	2 (1-4.2)	79	79 more, 0 fewer to 253 more
Erb’s plasy										1.55 (1.22-1.99	2	1 more, 0 fewer to 2 more

E-GDM: Early-onset gestational diabetes; L-GDM: Late-onset gestational diabetes; aOR: Adjusted odds ratio; CI: Confidence interval.