Effectiveness and safety of human umbilical cord-mesenchymal stem cells for treating type 2 diabetes mellitus

Table 1 Baseline clinical characteristics of the patients

Characteristic	n = 16
Age (yr)	52.5 ± 7.91
Male	12
Female	4
Duration of diabetes (yr)	10.06 ± 5.74
BMI (kg/m2)	24.47 ± 2.76
Glucose (mmol/L)
FPG	9.66 ± 2.65
P2PG	16.32 ± 4.64
HbA1c (%)	8.01 ± 0.63
C peptide (pmol/L)
FCP	741.56 ± 464.50
P2CP	1596.70 ± 989.65
HOMA-IR	4.22 ± 1.91
HOMA-β (%)	35.01 ± 24.35

BMI: Body mass index; FPG: Fasting plasma glucose; P2PG: 2-h postprandial plasma glucose; HbA1c: Glycosylated hemoglobin; FCP: Fasting c-peptide; P2CP: 2-h postprandial c-peptide; HOMA-IR: Homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance; HOMA-β: Homeostasis model assessment of β-cell function.