Therapeutic and Diagnostic Guidelines
Copyright ©The Author(s) 2021.
World J Diabetes. Apr 15, 2021; 12(4): 306-330
Published online Apr 15, 2021. doi: 10.4239/wjd.v12.i4.306
Table 1 Hurdles in clinical islet transplantation for type 1 diabetes mellitus

Hurdles in clinical islet transplantation for type 1 diabetes mellitus
1Poor access to human islets due to the scarcity of organ donors
2Graft failure (e.g., metabolic pressure, oxidative stress caused by hypoxia or inflammation)
3Continued autoimmunity and alloimmunity
4Immunosuppressive drug therapy
5Behavior of the transplanted cells in the growing body for transplantations performed in adolescents/children