Novel glucose-lowering drugs for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease

Table 1 Summary of included studies

Ref.	Study duration	Population	Assessment of NAFLD	Intervention	No. of participants
Alam et al[18], 2018	52 wk	NAFLD	Biopsy	Sitagliptin 100 mg QD + lifestyle modification	20
				Lifestyle modification	20
Cui et al[19], 2017	24 wk	NAFLD with prediabetes or early diabetes	MRI	Sitagliptin 100 mg QD	25
				PBO	25
Hussain et al[20], 2016	12 wk	NAFLD + dyslipidemia	Ultrasound	Vildagliptin 50 mg Bid	29
				PBO	29
Macauley et al[21], 2015	6 mo	T2DM with hepatic steatosis	Imaging (CT or ultrasound)	Vildagliptin 50 mg Bid	22
				PBO	22
Joy et al[22], 2017	24 wk	NASH	Biopsy	Sitagliptin 100 mg QD	6
				PBO	6
Li et al[23], 2019	24 wk	T2DM with NAFLD	Imaging or biopsy	Saxagliptin 5 mg QD	31
				Glimepiride 2 mg QD	33
				Glimepiride 2 mg QD + polyenephosphatidylcholine 456 mg TID	31
Yan et al[24], 2019	26 wk	T2DM with NAFLD	MRI	Liraglutide 1.8 mg + metformin	24
				Sitagliptin + metformin	27
				Glargine 0.2 IU/Kg/d + metformin	24
Armstrong et al[25], 2016	48 wk	T2DM with NASH	Biopsy	Liraglutide 1.8 mg QD	26
				PBO	26
Cusi et al[26], 2018	6 mo	T2DM with NAFLD/NASH	Laboratory liver tests	Duraglutide 1.5 mg QW	971
				PBO	528
Fan et al[27], 2013	12 wk	T2DM with NAFLD	Ultrasound	Exenatide	49
				Metformin	68
Feng et al[28], 2017	24 wk	T2DM with NAFLD	Ultrasound	Metformin 1000 mg Bid	29
				Gliclazide 120 mg/d	29
				Liraglutide 1.8 mg QD	29
Khoo et al[29], 2017	26 wk	NAFLD	MRI	Liraglutide 3.0 mg QD	12
				Diet and exercise	12
Shao et al[30], 2014	12 wk	T2DM with NAFLD	Ultrasound	Exenatide 10 μg bid + glargine	30
				Intensive insulin therapy	30
Tian et al[31], 2018	12 wk	T2DM with NAFLD	Ultrasound	Liraglutide 0.6-1.2 mg QD	52
				Metformin 1000-1500 mg/d	75
Eriksson et al[32], 2018	12 wk	T2DM with NAFLD	MRI	Dapagliflozin 10 mg QD	21
				PBO	21
				Dapagliflozin 10 mg QD + OM-3CA	22
				OM-3CA 4 g	20
Ito et al[33], 2017	24 wk	T2DM with NAFLD	Clinical laboratorytests or imaging	Ipragliflozin 50 mg QD	32
				Pioglitazone 15–30 mg QD	34
Kuchay et al[34], 2018	20 wk	T2DM with NAFLD	MRI	Empagliflozin 10 mg QD	22
				Control	20
Shibuya et al[35], 2018	6 mo	T2DM with NAFLD	Imaging (CT or ultrasound)	Luseogliflozin 2.5 mg QD	16
				Metformin 1500 mg QD	16
Shimizu et al[36], 2018	24 wk	T2DM with NAFLD	Transient elastography	Dapagliflozin 5 mg QD	33
				Control	24

NAFLD: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease; MRI: Magnetic resonance imaging; T2DM: Type 2 diabetes mellitus; NASH: Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis; CT: Computed tomography.