Type 1 diabetes and associated autoimmune diseases

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World Journal of Diabetes

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1948-9358

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Baishideng Publishing Group Inc, 7041 Koll Center Parkway, Suite 160, Pleasanton, CA 94566, USA

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World J Diabetes. Nov 15, 2020; 11(11): 527-539
Published online Nov 15, 2020. doi: 10.4239/wjd.v11.i11.527

Table 2 Autoimmune diseases with corresponding autoantigens and tissue

AID	Tissue	Antigen
Hashimoto’s thyroiditis	Thyroid enzyme/protein	Thyroid peroxidase/thyroglobulin
Graves’ disease	Thyrocytes	TSH receptor
Hypogonadism	Gonads, Leydig-/theca cells	17-hydroxylase, cytochrome-P450 side-chain cleavage
Addison disease	Adrenal cortex enzyme	21-hydroxylase, cytochrome-P450 side-chain cleavage
Hypoparathyroidism	Parathyroid	Ca²⁺ sensitive receptor
Type A gastritis	Parietal cells	H⁺, K⁺-ATPase
Vitiligo	Melanocytes	Tyrosinase
Celiac disease	Small intestine	Transglutaminase, gliadin
Neurodermatitis	Skin	IgE receptor
Psoriasis	Skin	Keratin
Alopecia	Hair follicles	Tyrosine hydroxylase
Urticaria	Skin	IgE receptor FcERI, immunoglobulin E
Sjögren’s Syndrome	Salivary glands	SS-A/Ro and SS-B/La
Rheumatoid arthritis	Synovial membrane	CCP
Autoimmune hepatitis	Liver cells	Smooth muscle, liver-kidney-microsome, soluble liver antigen, liver-pancreas antigen
Systemic lupus erythematosus	Skin, vascular connective tissue	Double-stranded DNA
Crohn’s disease	Gastrointestinal tract	Microbial antigens

AID: Autoimmune diseases; TSH: Thyrotropin or thyroid stimulating hormone; CCP: Cyclic citrullinated peptide.

Citation: Frommer L, Kahaly GJ. Type 1 diabetes and associated autoimmune diseases. World J Diabetes 2020; 11(11): 527-539
URL: https://www.wjgnet.com/1948-9358/full/v11/i11/527.htm
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4239/wjd.v11.i11.527

Frommer L, Kahaly GJ. Type 1 diabetes and associated autoimmune diseases. World J Diabetes 2020; 11(11): 527-539 [PMID: 33269064 DOI: 10.4239/wjd.v11.i11.527]

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