Different metabolic/obesity phenotypes are differentially associated with development of prediabetes in adults: Results from a 14-year cohort study

Table 1 General characteristics of study population at baseline¹

	Metabolically healthy and normal weight	Metabolically healthy and overweight or obese	Metabolically unhealthy and normal weight	Metabolically unhealthy and overweight or obese	P value2
Number (%)	274 (15.7)	843 (48.4)	71 (4.1)	553 (31.8)
Age in yr	41.05 ± 0.42	42.33 ± 0.22	43.38 ± 0.76	43.31 ± 0.27	< 0.0001
Weight in kg	59.22 ± 0.46	74.77 ± 0.38	61.64 ± 0.99	77.92 ± 0.50	< 0.0001
BMI in kg/m2	22.75 ± 0.11	29.47 ± 0.12	23.61 ± 0.16	30.35 ± 0.16	< 0.0001
WC in cm	76.79 ± 0.42	88.67 ± 0.29	81.19 ± 0.80	92.62 ± 0.38	< 0.0001
HC in cm	97.39 ± 0.30	108.71 ± 0.27	98.22 ± 0.57	109.51 ± 0.35	< 0.0001
WHR	0.79 ± 0.004	0.82 ± 0.002	0.83 ± 0.008	0.85 ± 0.003	< 0.0001
FBS in mg/dL	88.04 ± 0.42	88.33 ± 0.24	87.13 ± 1.12	88.54 ± 0.34	0.446
Blood sugar 30 min in mg/dL	124.91 ± 1.53	129.96 ± 0.94	132.30 ± 3.32	133.48 ± 1.13	< 0.0001
Blood sugar 60 min in mg/dL	118.09 ± 1.94	125.60 ± 1.12	127.76 ± 4.49	135.30 ± 1.38	< 0.0001
Blood sugar 120 min in mg/dL	95.74 ± 1.31	101.32 ± 0.74	102.16 ± 2.30	101.35 ± 0.95	0.001
HbA1c as %	4.92 ± 0.04	4.98 ± 0.03	4.84 ± 0.08	5.04 ± 0.04	0.070
Triglyceride, mg/dL	110.16 ± 3.14	124.47 ± 2.39	190.99 ± 7.46	218.15 ± 4.59	< 0.0001
Total cholesterol, mg/dL	182.54 ± 2.17	194.29 ± 1.39	192.34 ± 3.30	198.68 ± 1.69	< 0.0001
LDL-C, mg/dL	110.17 ± 1.92	120.04 ± 1.30	115.51 ± 3.28	118.31 ± 1.58	0.001
HDL-C, mg/dL	49.89 ± 0.83	49.93 ± 0.44	38.97 ± 1.0	39.03 ± 0.35	< 0.0001
Systolic blood pressure, mmHg	100.50 ± 0.08	110.01 ± 0.05	110.82 ± 0.17	120.22 ± 0.07	< 0.0001
Diastolic blood pressure in mmHg	60.79 ± 0.06	70.15 ± 0.04	70.96 ± 0.12	80.03 ± 0.05	< 0.0001
Physical activity , MET-hr/wk	19.73 ± 4.25	16.61 ± 3.03	26.63 ± 11.83	19.10 ± 3.11	0.742
Male as %	33.6	19.7	33.8	28.4	< 0.0001
Educational level as %					0.006
Illiterate	2.6	3.4	5.6	5.5
< 12 yr	38.4	48.1	42.3	50.3
= 12 yr	36.6	32.9	39.4	29.7
> 12 yr	22.4	15.6	12.7	14.5
Current smoker as %	16.8	6.9	13.0	11.2	0.073

¹Values are mean ± SE unless otherwise indicated.

²By ANOVA or χ² test. BMI: Body mass index; WC: Waist circumference; HC: Hip circumference; WHR: Waist to hip ratio; FBS: Fasting blood sugar; LDL: Low density lipoprotein; HDL: High density lipoprotein; MET-h/Wk: Metabolic equivalent-hr/wk.