Use of volumetric laser endomicroscopy for dysplasia detection at the gastroesophageal junction and gastric cardia

Table 2 Frequency of volumetric laser endomicroscopy imaging features in histologic subgroups n (%)

	IMC/HGD (n = 1)	LGD (n = 6)	NDBE (n = 6)	Inflamed cardia (n = 9)	No diagnostic abnormality (n = 12)	Neoplastic1 (n = 7)	Non-neoplastic2 (n = 27)	P-value3
Gastric rugae	1 (100)	6 (100)	6 (100)	9 (100)	12 (100)	7 (100)	27 (100)	NS
Gastric pit architecture	1 (100)	6 (100)	6 (100)	9 (100)	12 (100)	7 (100)	27 (100)	NS
Poor penetration	1 (100)	6 (100)	6 (100)	9 (100)	12 (100)	7 (100)	27 (100)	NS
Loss of normal gastric pit architecture	1 (100)	6 (100)	5 (83)	8 (89)	7 (58)	7 (100)	20 (74)	NS
Irregular surface	1 (100)	6 (100)	2 (33)	1 (11)	2 (20)	7 (100)	5 (19)	< 0.0001
Heterogeneous scattering	1 (100)	5 (83)	5 (83)	6 (67)	3 (25)	6 (86)	14 (52)	< 0.005
Epithelial glands	1 (100)	6 (100)	6 (100)	9 (100)	12 (100)	7 (100)	27 (100)	NS
Anomalous glands	1 (100)	6 (100)	5 (83)	6 (67)	5 (42)	7 (100)	16 (59)	< 0.05

¹Neoplastic: HGD + IMC;

²Non-neoplastic: NDBE + IGC + NL;

³P value: Neoplastic vs non-neoplastic. IMC: Intramucosal carcinoma; HGD: High-grade dysplasia; LGD: Low grade dysplasia; NDBE: Barrett’s without no dysplasia; IGC: Inflamed gastric cardia; NL: Normal mucosa; NS: Not significant.