Recurrence of choledocholithiasis following endoscopic bile duct clearance: Long term results and factors associated with recurrent bile duct stones

Table 4 Parameters of the first endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography/risk factors for recurrence in patients with or without a history of recurrent common bile duct stones

Variable	Recurrence group (n = 67)	Control group (n = 67)	P value
Stone size, mm	11.0 ± 7.0	7.5 ± 4.5	0.007
Stone number, n	4.9 ± 4.4	4.3 ± 4.7	0.53
CBD diameter, mm	16.03 ± 6.1	12.0 ± 4.6	0.001
CBD angulation method 1 (accumulative score)	303.97 ± 34.41	304.84 ± 31.61	0.91
CBD angulation method 2 (minimal angle score)	137.03 ± 17.0	138.41 ± 14.18	0.71
Difficult bile duct stones	24	14	0.04
Use of mechanical lithotripsy	13	5	0.04
No. of ERCP sessions required to clear the bile duct	1.33 ± 0.6	1.34 ± 0.7	0.95
More than one ERCP needed to clear the bile duct initially	14	11	0.43
Gallbladder in situ	2	5	1
Periampullary diverticula	25	16	0.066

Gallbladder in situ (remaining gallbladder): Patients who did not/could not conform to the instructions to perform cholocystectomy after the first ERCP, or a cholocystectomy was not indicated. ERCP: Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography; CBD: Common bile duct.