Updates on gastric electrical stimulation to treat obesity: Systematic review and future perspectives

Table 5 Vagal nerve electrical stimulation studies summary

Ref.	Type of research	Sample size (enrolled/completed)	Mean age (yr)	Mean weight, (kg)/mean BMI (kg/m2)	Follow-up (mo)	Lifestyle change (required/advice given)	Co-morbidities
Sarr et al[34], 2012	Randomized, Prospective	294/253	46	NR/41	12	Y/Y	T2DM
[EMPOWER study]	Double blind, Multicentre						HTN
Camilleri et al[78], 2009	Prospective1, Multicentre, O	27/25	40.1 ± 1.8	NR/39.3 ± 0.8	6	NR/NR	N
Camilleri et al[79], 2008	Prospective, Multicentre, O	31/NR	41.4 ± 1.4	NR/41.2 ± 0.7	6	NR/NR	T2DM

¹There were two phases in this study. The first one was a retrospective analysis of therapy algorithms used and excess weight loss. The second phase (included in this review data analysis) looked into prospective evaluation of selected therapy algorithms from phase 1. T2DM: Type 2 diabetes.