A new peroral mother-baby endoscope system for biliary tract disorders

Figure 3 Endoscopic retrograde cholangiography fluoroscopic images and video illustrations of different cases. A: Patient with multiple papillary bile duct polyps; histology revealed adenoma with high-grade intraepithelial neoplasia, liver transplantation was successfully performed; B: Patient with intrahepatic stones (S7/8) treated by laser lithotripsy; C: Patient with stenosis of the left hepatic duct; histology revealed cholangiocellular carcinoma. Peroral cholangioscopy revealed that the right hepatic duct was without signs of infiltration, and left hemihepatectomy was successfully performed.