Safety and diagnostic performance of endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine needle biopsy in pancreatic cystic and mixed lesions

Table 3 Comparison of clinical, imaging and endoscopic ultrasound characteristics between pancreatic cystic lesions and mixed pancreatic cystic lesions, n (%)/mean ± SD

Variable	PCLs (n = 19)	mPCLs (n = 41)	P value
Sex (female)	13 (68.4)	22 (53.7)	0.425
Mean age at time of procedure (years)	61.8 ± 13.4	66.9 ± 11.2	0.167
History of diabetes mellitus	3 (15.8)	17 (41.5)	0.077
Symptoms
Abdominal pain	12 (63.2)	18 (43.9)	0.267
Jaundice	0 (0.0)	6 (14.6)	0.163
Asymptomatic (accidentally discovered)	7 (36.8)	13 (31.7)	0.922
Ascites	0 (0.0)	1 (2.4)	1.000
Weight loss	0 (0.0)	3 (7.3)	0.545
Initial imaging modality
CT	6 (31.6)	18 (43.9)	0.350
MRCP	13 (68.4)	21 (51.2)
Missing data	0 (0.0)	2 (4.9)
Mean lesion diameter on initial imaging (mm)	24.3 ± 8.3	37.1 ± 17.4	0.002
Location on initial imaging
Head/isthmus/uncinate	11 (57.9)	21 (51.2)	0.838
Body	2 (10.5)	11 (26.8)	0.194
Tail	6 (31.6)	7 (17.1)	0.351
Missing data	0 (0.0)	2 (4.9)	1.000
Pancreatic duct dilatation > 5 mm	5 (26.3)	14 (34.1)	0.666
Mural nodule on initial imaging	3 (15.8)	0 (0.0)	0.055
Diagnostic assumption			< 0.0001
Cystic lesion	15 (78.9)	2 (4.9)
Mixed or solid lesion	4 (21.1)	37 (90.2)
Missing	0 (0.0)	2 (4.9)
Mean large lesion diameter on EUS (mm)	24.3 ± 8.3	37.1 ± 17.4	0.002
Location on EUS
Head/isthmus/uncinate	12 (63.2)	22 (53.7)	0.681
Body	2 (10.5)	13 (31.7)	0.112
Tail	5 (26.3)	6 (14.6)	0.466
Mural nodule	4 (21.1)	3 (7.3)	0.193
Pancreatic duct dilatation (≥ 5 mm)	5 (26.3)	16 (39.0)	0.624
Mean dilatation (mm)	2.2 ± 3.9	2.7 ± 3.5	0.608
Number of needle passages	1.7 ± 0.7	2.0 ± 0.5	0.056
Lymph nodes	2 (10.5)	10 (24.4)	0.306
Adequate cells, tissue or fluid for analysis	18 (94.7)	39 (95.1)	1.000
Prophylactic antibiotic	15 (78.9)	32 (78.0)	1.000

CT: Computed tomography; EUS: Endoscopic ultrasound; MRCP: Magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography; PCLs: Pancreatic cystic lesions; mPCLs: Mixed pancreatic cystic lesions.