Safety and diagnostic performance of endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine needle biopsy in pancreatic cystic and mixed lesions

Table 2 Lesion characteristics in endoscopic ultrasound and endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine needle biopsy results, n (%)/mean ± SD/median (interquartile range)

Variable	Value
Mean lesion diameter (mm)	32.4 ± 16.6
Location
Head	24 (40.0)
Body	15 (25.0)
Tail	11 (18.3)
Isthmus	9 (15.0)
Uncinate	1 (1.7)
EUS aspect
Unilocular	23 (38.3)
Multilocular	24 (40.0)
Microcystic	13 (21.7)
Mural nodule	7 (11.7)
Wall
Thin	40 (66.7)
Thick	15 (25.0)
Undefined	5 (8.3)
Content
Clear	17 (28.3)
Turbid	4 (6.7)
Non contributive	39 (65)
Calcifications	7 (11.7)
Presence of solid component	41 (68.3)
Lesion type
Mixed cyst	41 (68.3)
Cystic	19 (31.7)
Pancreatic duct dilatation (5-9.9 mm)	19 (31.7)
Pancreatic duct dilatation (≥ 10 mm)	2 (3.3)
Mean dilatation (mm)	2.5 ± 3.6
Communication with pancreatic duct	5 (8.3)
Number of needle passes
1	12 (20.0)
2	39 (65.0)
3	9 (15.0)
Mean number of needle passes	1.9 ± 0.6
Lymph nodes	12 (20.0)
Complications	0 (0.0)
Adequate cells, tissue or fluid for analysis	57 (95.0)
Prophylactic antibiotic	47 (78.3)
Pathological diagnosis
Diagnostic pathology	51 (85)
Pancreatic adenocarcinoma	13 (21.7)
Well differentiated	24 (40.0)
Moderately differentiated	6 (10.0)
Poor differentiated	5 (8.3)
Serous cystadenoma	6 (10.0)
IPMN	6 (10.0)
LGD	2 (3.3)
HGD	4 (6.7)
Mucinous cystadenoma	3 (5.0)
Neuroendocrine tumor	3 (5.0)
Pseudo papillary tumor	1 (1.7)
Pseudocyst	2 (3.3)
Chronic pancreatitis	2 (3.3)
Duplication duodenal cyst	1 (1.7)
Epidermoid carcinoma	1 (1.7)
Fibrosis	1 (1.7)
Normal	1 (1.7)
Non diagnostic pathology	9 (15.0)
Follow-up diagnosis (n = 9)
Pancreatic adenocarcinoma	2 (22.2)
Serous cystadenoma	3 (33.3)
IPMN	1 (11.1)
Granuloma	1 (11.1)
Indeterminate cyst	2 (22.2)
Cyst fluid biochemical analysis
CEA, n = 12	33.4 (4.7-6059.0)
CA19-9, n = 12	1087 (77.9-116082.0)
Glucose, n = 15	1.6 (0.35-4.3)
Lipase, n = 14	628 (126.3-36972.8)
Amylase, n = 3	227 (154.0-19448)

CA19-9: Carbohydrate antigen 19-9; CEA: Carcinoembryonic antigen; EUS: Endoscopic ultrasound; HGD: High grade dysplasia; IPMN: Intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm; LGD: Low grade dysplasia.