Mitigating challenges in endoscopic management of post-liver transplant biliary strictures

doi:10.4253/wjge.123520

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy

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1948-5190

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Baishideng Publishing Group Inc, 7041 Koll Center Parkway, Suite 160, Pleasanton, CA 94566, USA

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Copyright: ©Author(s) 2026. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license. No commercial re-use. See permissions. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc.

World J Gastrointest Endosc. Jul 16, 2026; 18(7): 123520
Published online Jul 16, 2026. doi: 10.4253/wjge.123520

Table 2 Primary causes and risk factors of non-anastomotic biliary stricture

Ischemic:

Macroangiopathic:

Hepatic artery thrombosis

Microangiopathic:

Prolonged cold and warm ischemia times

Donation after cardiac death

Prolonged use of vasopressors in the donor

Immunogenic:

Chronic rejection

ABO incompatibility

Primary sclerosing cholangitis

Autoimmune hepatitis

Full Size Table

Citation: Shrestha UK. Mitigating challenges in endoscopic management of post-liver transplant biliary strictures. World J Gastrointest Endosc 2026; 18(7): 123520
URL: https://www.wjgnet.com/1948-5190/full/v18/i7/123520.htm
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4253/wjge.123520

Shrestha UK. Mitigating challenges in endoscopic management of post-liver transplant biliary strictures. World J Gastrointest Endosc 2026; 18(7): 123520 [DOI: 10.4253/wjge.123520]

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